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Chapter 23 Section 1
Social and Political Reforms in England -The IR created a middle class -Not represented in govt -Reform Act of 1832 -Before lawà Some areas had no representation -Only rich white men could vote -Gave representation to industrial cities -Increased eligible number of voters -Land was still a requirement to vote -Factory Act of 1833 -Limited hours kids could work in textile mill (12 hours) -Kids between 9-13 had to get 2 hours of schooling a day -Slavery abolished in 1833 -Took time for every slave to be freed -Reformed criminal laws in the mid-1800s -Chartism -“Chartists” wanted: voting rights for all men -Secret ballot, pay for Parliament -Parliament ignored them -Revolted in 1848 -No immediate effect
Victorian Era Voting Reforms -Victorian Era = Queen Victoria’s reign (1837-1901) -Lots of changes -Benjamin Desraeli (Prime Minister) -Extended voting rights, secret ballot -Women’s suffrage -Suffrage = right to vote -Some women wanted it (increase power in society) -Some were against it (Queen Victoria, “mad, wicked folly”) -Vote in 1867 failed -Took until 1918 to get women right to vote (had to be 30+ years) -Emmeline Pankhurstàfought for women’s suffrage -1928àWomen had right to vote as same as men
Changes in the British Empire -Ireland -Ireland was part of UK since 1801 (Act of Union) -Many Irish hated British rulers -Several potato famines in 1800s -About a million died, and 1.5 million immigrated to US -British still forced Ireland to EXPORT food/grain -Made Irish mad -1920sàIreland given limited self-government
-Canada -Canada not unitedàHad lots of French-speaking people -Britain tried to unite Canada starting in 1830s - Took until 1860s to get the job done -Becomes “dominion” in 1867 (self-governing colony) -Australia -UK sent criminals to Australia -1901àAustralia given self-rule -Had own Parliament -Still belonged to UK
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