Chapter 20

 

Negligence

        -Everyone in society must act with a reasonable standard of care

                -Conduct falling below this standardŕNegligence

        -Examples

                -Surgeon forgetting to remove a clamp

                -Leaving a loaded gun out in the open

        -4 elements needed for negligence:

                -Duty

                        -Defendant owed a duty of care to plaintiff

                        -Legal obligation

                -Breach of duty

                        -Defendant’s behavior violated that duty

                -Causation

                        -Defendant’s conduct caused harm

                -Damages

                        -Plaintiff suffered actual injuries

 

Breach and Duty

        -Reasonable person standard

                -Ideal citizenŕwhat would this person do?

        -If you break the law, automatically breach of duty

        -“Professionals” are compared against other professionals

 

Causation

        -Cause in fact

                -If the harm would not have occurred w/o wrongful act

        -Proximate cause

                -Close connection b/w wrongful act and harm

                -Was there foreseeable harm?

 

Damages

        -Must prove some actual injury/damage

 

Defenses to Negligence Suits

        -Contributory negligence

                -Plaintiff was also negligent in the act

        -Comparative negligence

                -Dividing the loss according to the degree to which each                         person is at fault

        -Counterclaim

        -Assumption of risk

                -Plaintiff voluntarily encounters a known danger

                -Getting hit w/baseball at ballpark

                -Posted warning signs

       


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